Financial statement analysis and common stock valuation

Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity components shown as percentage of total liabilities and stockholders’ equity.

Enterprise Value to FCFF (EV/FCFF)

Free cash flow to the firm is the cash flow available to the Caterpillar Inc. suppliers of capital after all operating expenses have been paid and necessary investments in working and fixed capital have been made.

• Free Cash Flow to The Firm (FCFF)
• Interest Paid, Net of Tax
• EV to FCFF Ratio, Current
• EV to FCFF Ratio, Historical

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Caterpillar Inc. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Caterpillar Inc. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)

CAPM is a theory concentrated with deriving the expected rates of return on risky assets based on the assets’ systematic risk levels. Systematic risk is the variability of returns that is due to macroeconomic factors that affect all risky assets. It cannot be eliminated by diversification.

• Rates of Return
• Variance and Covariance
• Systematic Risk (β) Estimation
• Expected Rate of Return

Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures how efficiently Caterpillar Inc. generates revenues from its investments in fixed or total assets.

• Long-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Net Fixed Asset Turnover
• Total Asset Turnover
• Equity Turnover

Analysis of Short-term (Operating) Activity Ratios

Evaluates revenues and output generated by the Caterpillar Inc. assets. Operating performance ratios describe the relationship between the Caterpillar Inc. level of operations and the assets needed to sustain operating activities.

• Short-term Activity Ratios (Summary)
• Inventory Turnover
• Receivables Turnover
• Payables Turnover
• Working Capital Turnover
• Average Inventory Processing Period
• Average Receivable Collection Period
• Operating Cycle
• Average Payables Payment Period
• Cash Conversion Cycle

Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)

To calculate EBITDA analysts start with net earnings. To that earnings number, interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization are added. EBITDA as a pre-interest number is a flow to all providers of capital.

• Earnings before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA)
• EV to EBITDA Ratio, Current
• EV to EBITDA Ratio, Historical

Enterprise Value (EV)

Enterprise value is total company value (the market value of common equity, debt, and preferred equity) minus the value of cash and short-term investments.

• Current EV
• Historical EV

Analysis of Profitability Ratios

Measures the income of Caterpillar Inc. relative to its revenues and invested capital.

• Profitability Ratios (Summary)
• Gross Profit Margin
• Operating Profit Margin
• Net Profit Margin
• Return on Equity (ROE)
• Return on Assets (ROA)

Cash Flow Statement
Quarterly Data

The cash flow statement provides information about Caterpillar Inc. cash receipts and cash payments during an accounting period, showing how these cash flows link the ending cash balance to the beginning balance shown on Caterpillar Inc. balance sheet.

Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Quarterly Data

The liabilities and stockholders’ equity reports major classes and amounts of external claims on assets and owners’ capital contributions, and other internally generated sources of capital.

Analysis of Liquidity Ratios
Quarterly Data

Measures the adequacy of a Caterpillar Inc. cash resources to meet its near-term cash obligations.

• Liquidity Ratios (Summary)
• Current Ratio
• Quick Ratio
• Cash Ratio