Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net

Cummins Inc. (NYSE:CMI)

$22.49

This company has been moved to the archive! The financial data has not been updated since May 2, 2024.

Analysis of Income Taxes

Microsoft Excel

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Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Cummins Inc., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
12 months ended: Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
U.S. federal and state
Foreign
Current income tax expense
U.S. federal and state
Foreign
Impact of India tax law changes
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Income tax expense

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Current income tax expense Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. Cummins Inc. current income tax expense increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Cummins Inc. deferred income tax expense (benefit) decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Income tax expense Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Cummins Inc. income tax expense increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

Cummins Inc., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate
State income tax, net of federal effect
Differences in rates and taxability of foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures
Research tax credits
Foreign derived intangible income
Agreement in Principle, federal impact
Agreement in Principle, state impact
Impact of India tax law changes
Other, net
Effective tax rate

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Effective tax rate Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Cummins Inc. effective tax rate increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Cummins Inc., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
U.S. and state carryforward benefits
Foreign carryforward benefits
Employee benefit plans
Warranty expenses
Lease liabilities
Capitalized research and development expenditures
Accrued expenses
Other
Gross deferred tax assets
Valuation allowance
Deferred tax assets
Property, plant and equipment
Unremitted income of foreign subsidiaries and joint ventures
Employee benefit plans
Lease assets
Intangible assets
Other
Deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Gross deferred tax assets Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Cummins Inc. gross deferred tax assets increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Deferred tax assets Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Cummins Inc. deferred tax assets increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting. Cummins Inc. net deferred tax assets (liabilities) decreased from 2021 to 2022 but then increased from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Cummins Inc., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Deferred income tax assets
Deferred income tax liabilities

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Deferred income tax assets Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Cummins Inc. deferred income tax assets increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Deferred income tax liabilities Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Cummins Inc. deferred income tax liabilities increased from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly decreased from 2022 to 2023.

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

Cummins Inc., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

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Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Adjustment to Total Assets
Total assets (as reported)
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax assets, net
Total assets (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported)
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
Total liabilities (adjusted)
Adjustment to Total Cummins Inc. Shareholders’ Equity
Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity (as reported)
Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity (adjusted)
Adjustment to Net Income Attributable To Cummins Inc.
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. (as reported)
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Cummins Inc., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

Cummins Inc., adjusted financial ratios

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Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin
Adjusted net profit margin
Total Asset Turnover
Reported total asset turnover
Adjusted total asset turnover
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage
Adjusted financial leverage
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE
Adjusted ROE
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA
Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Cummins Inc. adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Cummins Inc. adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Cummins Inc. adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Cummins Inc. adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Cummins Inc. adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Cummins Inc., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

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Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.
Net sales
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income attributable to Cummins Inc.
Net sales
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. ÷ Net sales
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Cummins Inc. ÷ Net sales
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Cummins Inc. adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Total Asset Turnover

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net sales
Total assets
Activity Ratio
Total asset turnover1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net sales
Adjusted total assets
Activity Ratio
Adjusted total asset turnover2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Total asset turnover = Net sales ÷ Total assets
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted total asset turnover = Net sales ÷ Adjusted total assets
= ÷ =

Activity ratio Description The company
Adjusted total asset turnover An activity ratio calculated as total revenue divided by adjusted total assets. Cummins Inc. adjusted total asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted total assets
Adjusted total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Adjusted total assets ÷ Adjusted total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Cummins Inc. adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.
Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income attributable to Cummins Inc.
Adjusted total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. ÷ Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Cummins Inc. ÷ Adjusted total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Cummins Inc. adjusted ROE deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

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Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income attributable to Cummins Inc.
Adjusted total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income attributable to Cummins Inc. ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income attributable to Cummins Inc. ÷ Adjusted total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Cummins Inc. adjusted ROA deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.