Common-Size Income Statement
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-10-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-10-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-10-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-10-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-10-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-10-31).
Analysis of the common-size income statement reveals a general trend of gross margin expansion and operational volatility, influenced by non-recurring charges and strategic shifts in cost allocation over the six-year period ending October 31, 2023.
- Revenue Composition
- The revenue mix remains relatively stable, with product sales consistently accounting for approximately 60% to 63% of net revenue and services contributing between 35% and 38%. A slight peak in the services contribution was observed in 2020 at 37.98%, suggesting a temporary shift toward service-oriented revenue before returning to approximately 36% by 2023.
- Gross Profitability
- Gross profit margins exhibit a consistent upward trajectory, rising from 30.12% in 2018 to 35.14% in 2023. This improvement is primarily driven by a reduction in the cost of revenue, which decreased from 69.88% to 64.86% of net revenue over the analyzed period. The cost of products showed a notable decline from 45.63% in 2018 to 41.04% in 2023, contributing significantly to the margin expansion.
- Operating Expense Trends
- Research and development (R&D) spending has steadily increased as a percentage of net revenue, growing from 5.39% in 2018 to 8.06% in 2023, indicating a heightened strategic focus on innovation. Selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses remained relatively constant, fluctuating within a narrow range between 15.72% and 17.74%. Transformation costs peaked in 2020 at 3.52% before declining sharply to 0.97% by 2023, suggesting the completion or optimization of major organizational restructuring initiatives.
- Operating and Net Earnings Volatility
- Earnings from operations have been volatile, characterized by a dip into negative territory in 2020 (-1.22%) before recovering to 7.17% in 2023. This volatility is partly attributed to periodic impairment of goodwill, which impacted results in 2020 (-3.21%) and 2022 (-3.18%). Net earnings attributable to the company were significantly skewed in 2021, reaching a peak of 12.33% due to a one-time litigation judgment of 8.46% of net revenue. Excluding this anomaly, the net earnings trend shows a recovery from the 2020 loss to a more stable 6.95% by 2023.
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