Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net

Humana Inc. (NYSE:HUM)

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Present Value of Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE)

Microsoft Excel

In discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation techniques the value of the stock is estimated based upon present value of some measure of cash flow. Free cash flow to equity (FCFE) is generally described as cash flows available to the equity holder after payments to debt holders and after allowing for expenditures to maintain the company asset base.

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Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)

Humana Inc., free cash flow to equity (FCFE) forecast

US$ in millions, except per share data

Microsoft Excel
Year Value FCFEt or Terminal value (TVt) Calculation Present value at
01 FCFE0
1 FCFE1 = × (1 + )
2 FCFE2 = × (1 + )
3 FCFE3 = × (1 + )
4 FCFE4 = × (1 + )
5 FCFE5 = × (1 + )
5 Terminal value (TV5) = × (1 + ) ÷ ( – )
Intrinsic value of Humana Inc. common stock
 
Intrinsic value of Humana Inc. common stock (per share)
Current share price

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31).

1 See details »

Disclaimer!
Valuation is based on standard assumptions. There may exist specific factors relevant to stock value and omitted here. In such a case, the real stock value may differ significantly form the estimated. If you want to use the estimated intrinsic stock value in investment decision making process, do so at your own risk.

Required Rate of Return (r)

Microsoft Excel
Assumptions
Rate of return on LT Treasury Composite1 RF
Expected rate of return on market portfolio2 E(RM)
Systematic risk of Humana Inc. common stock βHUM
 
Required rate of return on Humana Inc. common stock3 rHUM

1 Unweighted average of bid yields on all outstanding fixed-coupon U.S. Treasury bonds neither due or callable in less than 10 years (risk-free rate of return proxy).

2 See details »

3 rHUM = RF + βHUM [E(RM) – RF]
= + [ – ]
=

FCFE Growth Rate (g)

FCFE growth rate (g) implied by PRAT model

Humana Inc., PRAT model

Microsoft Excel
Average Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Dividends and dividend equivalents
Net income attributable to Humana
External revenues
Total assets
Stockholders’ equity
Financial Ratios
Retention rate1
Profit margin2
Asset turnover3
Financial leverage4
Averages
Retention rate
Profit margin
Asset turnover
Financial leverage
 
FCFE growth rate (g)5

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Retention rate = (Net income attributable to Humana – Dividends and dividend equivalents) ÷ Net income attributable to Humana
= ( – ) ÷
=

2 Profit margin = 100 × Net income attributable to Humana ÷ External revenues
= 100 × ÷
=

3 Asset turnover = External revenues ÷ Total assets
= ÷
=

4 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Stockholders’ equity
= ÷
=

5 g = Retention rate × Profit margin × Asset turnover × Financial leverage
= × × ×
=

FCFE growth rate (g) implied by single-stage model

g = 100 × (Equity market value0 × r – FCFE0) ÷ (Equity market value0 + FCFE0)
= 100 × ( × – ) ÷ ( + )
=

where:
Equity market value0 = current market value of Humana Inc. common stock (US$ in millions)
FCFE0 = the last year Humana Inc. free cash flow to equity (US$ in millions)
r = required rate of return on Humana Inc. common stock

FCFE growth rate (g) forecast

Humana Inc., H-model

Microsoft Excel
Year Value gt
1 g1
2 g2
3 g3
4 g4
5 and thereafter g5

where:
g1 is implied by PRAT model
g5 is implied by single-stage model
g2, g3 and g4 are calculated using linear interpoltion between g1 and g5

Calculations

g2 = g1 + (g5 – g1) × (2 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
= + ( – ) × (2 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
=

g3 = g1 + (g5 – g1) × (3 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
= + ( – ) × (3 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
=

g4 = g1 + (g5 – g1) × (4 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
= + ( – ) × (4 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
=