Valuation ratios measure the quantity of an asset or flaw (e.g., earnings) associated with ownership of a specified claim (e.g., a share of ownership of the enterprise).

Current Valuation Ratios
Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)
Price to Earnings (P/E)
Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)
Price to Sales (P/S)
Price to Book Value (P/BV)

Carnival Corp. & plc, current price multiples

	Carnival Corp. & plc		Airbnb Inc.	Booking Holdings Inc.	Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc.	McDonald’s Corp.	Starbucks Corp.		Consumer Services		Consumer Discretionary
Selected Financial Data
Current share price (P)
No. shares of common stock outstanding

Earnings per share (EPS)
Operating profit per share
Sales per share
Book value per share (BVPS)
Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples)
Price to operating profit (P/OP)
Price to sales (P/S)
Price to book value (P/BV)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-11-30).

If the company price multiple is lower then the price multiple of benchmark then company stock is relatively undervalued.
Otherwise, if the company price multiple is higher then the price multiple of benchmark then company stock is relatively overvalued.

Carnival Corp. & plc, historical price multiples

		Nov 30, 2023	Nov 30, 2022	Nov 30, 2021	Nov 30, 2020	Nov 30, 2019	Nov 30, 2018
	Price to earnings (P/E)
	Price to operating profit (P/OP)
	Price to sales (P/S)
	Price to book value (P/BV)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-11-30).

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Valuation ratio	Description	The company
P/S ratio	An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative.	Carnival Corp. & plc P/S ratio decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
P/BV ratio	The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company required rate of return and its actual rate of return.	Carnival Corp. & plc P/BV ratio increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Carnival Corp. & plc, historical P/E calculation, comparison to benchmarks

		Nov 30, 2023	Nov 30, 2022	Nov 30, 2021	Nov 30, 2020	Nov 30, 2019	Nov 30, 2018
	No. shares of common stock outstanding¹
	Selected Financial Data (US$)
	Net income (loss) (in millions)
	Earnings per share (EPS)²
	Share price^1, 3
	Valuation Ratio
	P/E ratio⁴
	Benchmarks
	P/E Ratio, Competitors⁵
	Airbnb Inc.
	Booking Holdings Inc.
	Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc.
	McDonald’s Corp.
	Starbucks Corp.
	P/E Ratio, Sector
	Consumer Services
	P/E Ratio, Industry
	Consumer Discretionary

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-11-30).

¹ Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.

² 2023 Calculation
EPS = Net income (loss) ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ÷ =

³ Closing price as at the filing date of Carnival Corp. & plc Annual Report.

⁴ 2023 Calculation
P/E ratio = Share price ÷ EPS
= ÷ =

⁵ Click competitor name to see calculations.

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Carnival Corp. & plc, historical P/OP calculation, comparison to benchmarks

		Nov 30, 2023	Nov 30, 2022	Nov 30, 2021	Nov 30, 2020	Nov 30, 2019	Nov 30, 2018
	No. shares of common stock outstanding¹
	Selected Financial Data (US$)
	Operating income (loss) (in millions)
	Operating profit per share²
	Share price^1, 3
	Valuation Ratio
	P/OP ratio⁴
	Benchmarks
	P/OP Ratio, Competitors⁵
	Airbnb Inc.
	Booking Holdings Inc.
	Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc.
	McDonald’s Corp.
	Starbucks Corp.
	P/OP Ratio, Sector
	Consumer Services
	P/OP Ratio, Industry
	Consumer Discretionary

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-11-30).

¹ Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.

² 2023 Calculation
Operating profit per share = Operating income (loss) ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ÷ =

³ Closing price as at the filing date of Carnival Corp. & plc Annual Report.

⁴ 2023 Calculation
P/OP ratio = Share price ÷ Operating profit per share
= ÷ =

⁵ Click competitor name to see calculations.

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Carnival Corp. & plc, historical P/S calculation, comparison to benchmarks

		Nov 30, 2023	Nov 30, 2022	Nov 30, 2021	Nov 30, 2020	Nov 30, 2019	Nov 30, 2018
	No. shares of common stock outstanding¹
	Selected Financial Data (US$)
	Revenues (in millions)
	Sales per share²
	Share price^1, 3
	Valuation Ratio
	P/S ratio⁴
	Benchmarks
	P/S Ratio, Competitors⁵
	Airbnb Inc.
	Booking Holdings Inc.
	Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc.
	McDonald’s Corp.
	Starbucks Corp.
	P/S Ratio, Sector
	Consumer Services
	P/S Ratio, Industry
	Consumer Discretionary

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-11-30).

¹ Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.

² 2023 Calculation
Sales per share = Revenues ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ÷ =

³ Closing price as at the filing date of Carnival Corp. & plc Annual Report.

⁴ 2023 Calculation
P/S ratio = Share price ÷ Sales per share
= ÷ =

⁵ Click competitor name to see calculations.

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Valuation ratio	Description	The company
P/S ratio	An rationale for the P/S ratio is that sales, as the top line in an income statement, are generally less subject to distortion or manipulation than other fundamentals such as EPS or book value. Sales are also more stable than earnings and never negative.	Carnival Corp. & plc P/S ratio decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Carnival Corp. & plc, historical P/BV calculation, comparison to benchmarks

		Nov 30, 2023	Nov 30, 2022	Nov 30, 2021	Nov 30, 2020	Nov 30, 2019	Nov 30, 2018
	No. shares of common stock outstanding¹
	Selected Financial Data (US$)
	Shareholders’ equity (in millions)
	Book value per share (BVPS)²
	Share price^1, 3
	Valuation Ratio
	P/BV ratio⁴
	Benchmarks
	P/BV Ratio, Competitors⁵
	Airbnb Inc.
	Booking Holdings Inc.
	Chipotle Mexican Grill Inc.
	McDonald’s Corp.
	Starbucks Corp.
	P/BV Ratio, Sector
	Consumer Services
	P/BV Ratio, Industry
	Consumer Discretionary

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-11-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-11-30).

¹ Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.

² 2023 Calculation
BVPS = Shareholders’ equity ÷ No. shares of common stock outstanding
= ÷ =

³ Closing price as at the filing date of Carnival Corp. & plc Annual Report.

⁴ 2023 Calculation
P/BV ratio = Share price ÷ BVPS
= ÷ =

⁵ Click competitor name to see calculations.

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Valuation ratio	Description	The company
P/BV ratio	The P/BV ratio is interpreted as an indicator of market judgment about the relationship between a company required rate of return and its actual rate of return.	Carnival Corp. & plc P/BV ratio increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

	Carnival Corp. & plc	Other companies (not purchased previously)
Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality
Stock Price Trends

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Financial Statements
Common-Size Financial Statements
Analysis of Financial Ratios
Relative Valuation
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) Valuation
Economic Value Added (EVA)
Long-term Trends
Analysis of Components of Financial Statements
Financial Reporting Quality
Stock Price Trends

Carnival Corp. & plc (NYSE:CCL)

Common Stock Valuation Ratios (Price Multiples)

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Current Valuation Ratios

Historical Valuation Ratios (Summary)

Price to Earnings (P/E)

Price to Operating Profit (P/OP)

Price to Sales (P/S)

Price to Book Value (P/BV)