Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net

Union Pacific Corp. (NYSE:UNP)

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Analysis of Income Taxes

Microsoft Excel

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Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

Union Pacific Corp., income tax expense (benefit), continuing operations

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
12 months ended: Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Federal
State
Foreign
Current tax expense
Federal
State
Foreign
Deferred and other tax expense
Income tax expense

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Current tax expense Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. Union Pacific Corp. current tax expense increased from 2021 to 2022 but then decreased significantly from 2022 to 2023.
Deferred and other tax expense Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Union Pacific Corp. deferred and other tax expense increased from 2021 to 2022 but then decreased significantly from 2022 to 2023.
Income tax expense Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Union Pacific Corp. income tax expense increased from 2021 to 2022 but then decreased significantly from 2022 to 2023.

Effective Income Tax Rate (EITR)

Union Pacific Corp., effective income tax rate (EITR) reconciliation

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Federal statutory tax rate
State statutory rates, net of federal benefits
Deferred tax adjustments
Dividends received deduction
Excess tax benefits from equity compensation plans
Other
Effective tax rate

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Effective tax rate Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Union Pacific Corp. effective tax rate decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Union Pacific Corp., components of deferred tax assets and liabilities

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Operating lease liabilities
Accrued casualty costs
Accrued wages
Stock compensation
Retiree benefits
Other
Deferred income tax assets
Property
Operating lease assets
Other
Deferred income tax liabilities
Net deferred income tax asset (liability)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Deferred income tax assets Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Union Pacific Corp. deferred income tax assets decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Net deferred income tax asset (liability) Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting. Union Pacific Corp. net deferred income tax asset (liability) decreased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities, Classification

Union Pacific Corp., deferred tax assets and liabilities, classification

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Net deferred income tax liability

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Item Description The company
Net deferred income tax liability Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences, with jurisdictional netting and classified as noncurrent. Union Pacific Corp. net deferred income tax liability increased from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjustments to Financial Statements: Removal of Deferred Taxes

Union Pacific Corp., adjustments to financial statements

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Adjustment to Total Liabilities
Total liabilities (as reported)
Less: Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net
Total liabilities (adjusted)
Adjustment to Common Shareholders’ Equity
Common shareholders’ equity (as reported)
Less: Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)
Common shareholders’ equity (adjusted)
Adjustment to Net Income
Net income (as reported)
Add: Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
Net income (adjusted)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Union Pacific Corp., Financial Data: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Financial Ratios: Removal of Deferred Taxes (Summary)

Union Pacific Corp., adjusted financial ratios

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Net Profit Margin
Reported net profit margin
Adjusted net profit margin
Financial Leverage
Reported financial leverage
Adjusted financial leverage
Return on Equity (ROE)
Reported ROE
Adjusted ROE
Return on Assets (ROA)
Reported ROA
Adjusted ROA

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Financial ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Union Pacific Corp. adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Union Pacific Corp. adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly decreased from 2022 to 2023 not reaching 2021 level.
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Union Pacific Corp. adjusted ROE improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023.
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Union Pacific Corp. adjusted ROA improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023.

Union Pacific Corp., Financial Ratios: Reported vs. Adjusted

Adjusted Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income
Operating revenues
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income
Operating revenues
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted net profit margin2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Net profit margin = 100 × Net income ÷ Operating revenues
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted net profit margin = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Operating revenues
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as adjusted net income divided by total revenue. Union Pacific Corp. adjusted net profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Financial Leverage

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Common shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Financial leverage1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Total assets
Adjusted common shareholders’ equity
Solvency Ratio
Adjusted financial leverage2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 Financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Common shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

2 Adjusted financial leverage = Total assets ÷ Adjusted common shareholders’ equity
= ÷ =

Solvency ratio Description The company
Adjusted financial leverage A measure of financial leverage calculated as adjusted total assets divided by adjusted total equity.
Financial leverage is the extent to which a company can effect, through the use of debt, a proportional change in the return on common equity that is greater than a given proportional change in operating income.		 Union Pacific Corp. adjusted financial leverage ratio increased from 2021 to 2022 but then slightly decreased from 2022 to 2023 not reaching 2021 level.

Adjusted Return on Equity (ROE)

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income
Common shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
ROE1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income
Adjusted common shareholders’ equity
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROE2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 ROE = 100 × Net income ÷ Common shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROE = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Adjusted common shareholders’ equity
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROE A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted shareholders’ equity. Union Pacific Corp. adjusted ROE improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023.

Adjusted Return on Assets (ROA)

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
As Reported
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
ROA1
Adjusted for Deferred Taxes
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Adjusted net income
Total assets
Profitability Ratio
Adjusted ROA2

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

2023 Calculations

1 ROA = 100 × Net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

2 Adjusted ROA = 100 × Adjusted net income ÷ Total assets
= 100 × ÷ =

Profitability ratio Description The company
Adjusted ROA A profitability ratio calculated as adjusted net income divided by adjusted total assets. Union Pacific Corp. adjusted ROA improved from 2021 to 2022 but then deteriorated significantly from 2022 to 2023.