Present Value of Free Cash Flow to the Firm (FCFF)
In discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation techniques the value of the stock is estimated based upon present value of some measure of cash flow. Free cash flow to the firm (FCFF) is generally described as cash flows after direct costs and before any payments to capital suppliers.
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Verizon Communications Inc. pages available for free this week:
- Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Cash Flow Statement
- Common-Size Income Statement
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
- DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin
- Enterprise Value (EV)
- Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)
- Return on Equity (ROE) since 2005
- Debt to Equity since 2005
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Intrinsic Stock Value (Valuation Summary)
Verizon Communications Inc., free cash flow to the firm (FCFF) forecast
US$ in millions, except per share data
| Year | Value | FCFFt or Terminal value (TVt) | Calculation | Present value at |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | FCFF0 | |||
| 1 | FCFF1 | = × (1 + ) | ||
| 2 | FCFF2 | = × (1 + ) | ||
| 3 | FCFF3 | = × (1 + ) | ||
| 4 | FCFF4 | = × (1 + ) | ||
| 5 | FCFF5 | = × (1 + ) | ||
| 5 | Terminal value (TV5) | = × (1 + ) ÷ ( – ) | ||
| Intrinsic value of Verizon Communications Inc. capital | ||||
| Less: Short-term and long-term debt, including finance leases (fair value) | ||||
| Intrinsic value of Verizon Communications Inc. common stock | ||||
| Intrinsic value of Verizon Communications Inc. common stock (per share) | ||||
| Current share price | ||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31).
Disclaimer!
Valuation is based on standard assumptions. There may exist specific factors relevant to stock value and omitted here. In such a case, the real stock value may differ significantly form the estimated. If you want to use the estimated intrinsic stock value in investment decision making process, do so at your own risk.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
Verizon Communications Inc., cost of capital
| Value1 | Weight | Required rate of return2 | Calculation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity (fair value) | ||||
| Short-term and long-term debt, including finance leases (fair value) | = × (1 – ) |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31).
1 US$ in millions
Equity (fair value) = No. shares of common stock outstanding × Current share price
= ×
=
Short-term and long-term debt, including finance leases (fair value). See details »
2 Required rate of return on equity is estimated by using CAPM. See details »
Required rate of return on debt. See details »
Required rate of return on debt is after tax.
Estimated (average) effective income tax rate
= ( + + + + ) ÷ 5
=
WACC =
FCFF Growth Rate (g)
FCFF growth rate (g) implied by PRAT model
Verizon Communications Inc., PRAT model
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).
2023 Calculations
2 Interest expense, after tax = Interest expense × (1 – EITR)
= × (1 – )
=
3 EBIT(1 – EITR)
= Net income attributable to Verizon + Interest expense, after tax
= +
=
4 RR = [EBIT(1 – EITR) – Interest expense (after tax) and dividends] ÷ EBIT(1 – EITR)
= [ – ] ÷
=
5 ROIC = 100 × EBIT(1 – EITR) ÷ Total capital
= 100 × ÷
=
6 g = RR × ROIC
= ×
=
FCFF growth rate (g) implied by single-stage model
g = 100 × (Total capital, fair value0 × WACC – FCFF0) ÷ (Total capital, fair value0 + FCFF0)
= 100 × ( × – ) ÷ ( + )
=
where:
Total capital, fair value0 = current fair value of Verizon Communications Inc. debt and equity (US$ in millions)
FCFF0 = the last year Verizon Communications Inc. free cash flow to the firm (US$ in millions)
WACC = weighted average cost of Verizon Communications Inc. capital
FCFF growth rate (g) forecast
Verizon Communications Inc., H-model
| Year | Value | gt |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | g1 | |
| 2 | g2 | |
| 3 | g3 | |
| 4 | g4 | |
| 5 and thereafter | g5 |
where:
g1 is implied by PRAT model
g5 is implied by single-stage model
g2, g3 and g4 are calculated using linear interpoltion between g1 and g5
Calculations
g2 = g1 + (g5 – g1) × (2 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
= + ( – ) × (2 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
=
g3 = g1 + (g5 – g1) × (3 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
= + ( – ) × (3 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
=
g4 = g1 + (g5 – g1) × (4 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
= + ( – ) × (4 – 1) ÷ (5 – 1)
=