Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure
Asset Age Ratios (Summary)
Average Age
Estimated Total Useful Life
Estimated Age, Time Elapsed Since Purchase
Estimated Remaining Life

Salesforce Inc., balance sheet: property, plant and equipment

US$ in millions

	Jan 31, 2025	Jan 31, 2024	Jan 31, 2023	Jan 31, 2022	Jan 31, 2021	Jan 31, 2020
Land	293)	293)	293)	293)	293)	184)
Buildings and building improvements	492)	490)	489)	487)	485)	777)
Computers, equipment and software	4,345)	4,209)	3,556)	2,543)	1,901)	1,608)
Furniture and fixtures	232)	245)	259)	237)	228)	226)
Leasehold improvements	1,556)	1,604)	1,807)	1,656)	1,507)	1,381)
Property and equipment, gross	6,918)	6,841)	6,404)	5,216)	4,414)	4,176)
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(3,682)	(3,152)	(2,702)	(2,401)	(1,955)	(1,801)
Property and equipment, net	3,236)	3,689)	3,702)	2,815)	2,459)	2,375)

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-31).

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Item	Description	The company
Property and equipment, gross	Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.	Salesforce Inc. property and equipment, gross increased from 2023 to 2024 and from 2024 to 2025.
Property and equipment, net	Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.	Salesforce Inc. property and equipment, net decreased from 2023 to 2024 and from 2024 to 2025.

Salesforce Inc., asset age ratios

	Jan 31, 2025	Jan 31, 2024	Jan 31, 2023	Jan 31, 2022	Jan 31, 2021	Jan 31, 2020
Average age ratio	55.58%	48.14%	44.22%	48.77%	47.44%	45.12%
Estimated total useful life (years)	7	6	7	7	7	9
Estimated age, time elapsed since purchase (years)	4	3	3	4	3	4
Estimated remaining life (years)	3	3	4	4	4	5

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-31).

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Asset age ratio	Description	The company
Average age ratio	As long as straight-line depreciation is used, this is an accurate estimate of asset age as a percentage of depreciable life. The relative age is a useful measure of whether the company fixed asset base is old or new. Newer assets are likely to be more efficient.	Salesforce Inc. average age ratio of depreciable property, plant and equipment deteriorated from 2023 to 2024 and from 2024 to 2025.
Estimated total useful life	Over longer time periods, this ratio is a useful measure of company depreciation policy and can be used for comparisons with competitors.	Salesforce Inc. estimated total useful life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2023 to 2024 but then increased from 2024 to 2025 not reaching 2023 level.
Estimated time elapsed since purchase	The approximate age in years of a company fixed assets. Useful for comparison purposes.	Salesforce Inc. estimated time elapsed since purchase of depreciable property, plant and equipment improved from 2023 to 2024 but then deteriorated significantly from 2024 to 2025.
Estimated remaining life		Salesforce Inc. estimated remaining life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2023 to 2024 and from 2024 to 2025.

	Jan 31, 2025	Jan 31, 2024	Jan 31, 2023	Jan 31, 2022	Jan 31, 2021	Jan 31, 2020
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	3,682)	3,152)	2,702)	2,401)	1,955)	1,801)
Property and equipment, gross	6,918)	6,841)	6,404)	5,216)	4,414)	4,176)
Land	293)	293)	293)	293)	293)	184)
Asset Age Ratio
Average age¹	55.58%	48.14%	44.22%	48.77%	47.44%	45.12%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-31).

2025 Calculations

¹ Average age = 100 × Accumulated depreciation and amortization ÷ (Property and equipment, gross – Land)
= 100 × 3,682 ÷ (6,918 – 293) = 55.58%

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Asset age ratio	Description	The company
Average age	As long as straight-line depreciation is used, this is an accurate estimate of asset age as a percentage of depreciable life. The relative age is a useful measure of whether the company fixed asset base is old or new. Newer assets are likely to be more efficient.	Salesforce Inc. average age ratio of depreciable property, plant and equipment deteriorated from 2023 to 2024 and from 2024 to 2025.

	Jan 31, 2025	Jan 31, 2024	Jan 31, 2023	Jan 31, 2022	Jan 31, 2021	Jan 31, 2020
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Property and equipment, gross	6,918)	6,841)	6,404)	5,216)	4,414)	4,176)
Land	293)	293)	293)	293)	293)	184)
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,000)	1,100)	903)	678)	579)	455)
Asset Age Ratio (Years)
Estimated total useful life¹	7	6	7	7	7	9

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-31).

2025 Calculations

¹ Estimated total useful life = (Property and equipment, gross – Land) ÷ Depreciation and amortization expense
= (6,918 – 293) ÷ 1,000 = 7

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Asset age ratio	Description	The company
Estimated total useful life	Over longer time periods, this ratio is a useful measure of company depreciation policy and can be used for comparisons with competitors.	Salesforce Inc. estimated total useful life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2023 to 2024 but then increased from 2024 to 2025 not reaching 2023 level.

	Jan 31, 2025	Jan 31, 2024	Jan 31, 2023	Jan 31, 2022	Jan 31, 2021	Jan 31, 2020
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	3,682)	3,152)	2,702)	2,401)	1,955)	1,801)
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,000)	1,100)	903)	678)	579)	455)
Asset Age Ratio (Years)
Time elapsed since purchase¹	4	3	3	4	3	4

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-31).

2025 Calculations

¹ Time elapsed since purchase = Accumulated depreciation and amortization ÷ Depreciation and amortization expense
= 3,682 ÷ 1,000 = 4

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Asset age ratio	Description	The company
Estimated time elapsed since purchase	The approximate age in years of a company fixed assets. Useful for comparison purposes.	Salesforce Inc. estimated time elapsed since purchase of depreciable property, plant and equipment improved from 2023 to 2024 but then deteriorated significantly from 2024 to 2025.

	Jan 31, 2025	Jan 31, 2024	Jan 31, 2023	Jan 31, 2022	Jan 31, 2021	Jan 31, 2020
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Property and equipment, net	3,236)	3,689)	3,702)	2,815)	2,459)	2,375)
Land	293)	293)	293)	293)	293)	184)
Depreciation and amortization expense	1,000)	1,100)	903)	678)	579)	455)
Asset Age Ratio (Years)
Estimated remaining life¹	3	3	4	4	4	5

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-31).

2025 Calculations

¹ Estimated remaining life = (Property and equipment, net – Land) ÷ Depreciation and amortization expense
= (3,236 – 293) ÷ 1,000 = 3

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Asset age ratio	Description	The company
Estimated remaining life		Salesforce Inc. estimated remaining life of depreciable property, plant and equipment decreased from 2023 to 2024 and from 2024 to 2025.

Salesforce Inc. (NYSE:CRM)

Analysis of Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure

Asset Age Ratios (Summary)

Average Age

Estimated Total Useful Life

Estimated Age, Time Elapsed since Purchase

Estimated Remaining Life