Price to Book Value (P/BV)
since 2005
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Linde plc pages available for free this week:
- Statement of Comprehensive Income
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Long-term (Investment) Activity Ratios
- DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin
- Common Stock Valuation Ratios
- Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
- Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
- Selected Financial Data since 2005
- Total Asset Turnover since 2005
- Price to Earnings (P/E) since 2005
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Calculation
Linde plc, P/BV, long-term trends, calculation
| P/BV | = | Share price1, 2, 3 | ÷ | Book value per share1 (BVPS) | BVPS1 | = | Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity1 (in millions) |
÷ | No. shares of common stock outstanding2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 26, 2025 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2024 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2023 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2022 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 1, 2021 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 2, 2020 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 18, 2019 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2018 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 1, 2017 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 24, 2016 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 25, 2015 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 25, 2014 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2013 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 29, 2012 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 23, 2011 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 24, 2010 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 25, 2009 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 27, 2008 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Feb 28, 2007 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ | |||||||
| Mar 1, 2006 | = | ÷ | = | ÷ |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
1 US$
2 Data adjusted for splits and stock dividends.
3 Closing price as at the filing date of Linde plc Annual Report.
- Share Price Trend
- The share price demonstrated an overall upward trajectory from 2006 to 2025. Initially, the price increased from $54.85 in 2006 to a peak of approximately $128.59 in 2015, despite some fluctuations, such as a notable dip in 2009 to $59.29. After 2015, the share price showed a significant rise, reaching $461.55 by 2025. This suggests a strong investor confidence and market valuation growth over the long term.
- Book Value Per Share (BVPS) Trend
- Book value per share generally rose from 12.09 in 2006 to a high point of 22.48 in 2014, followed by a decline to 15.41 in 2016. A substantial increase is observed in 2019, with BVPS spiking to 94.69, but this was followed by a consistent decline over the subsequent years, falling to 80.55 in 2025. The sharp increase and subsequent decrease around 2019 suggest a significant one-time financial event or revaluation affecting the BVPS figures.
- Price-to-Book Value Ratio (P/BV) Analysis
- The P/BV ratio fluctuated considerably, starting at 4.54 in 2006. It peaked at 7.15 in 2018 then dropped sharply to 1.65 in 2019, coinciding with the spike in BVPS, before climbing steadily again to 5.73 by 2025. The low P/BV ratio in 2019 reflects the extraordinary increase in book value that year, which temporarily lowered the valuation multiple. The subsequent rise indicates a return to a higher market valuation relative to book value.
- Overall Insights
- The data indicates strong long-term growth in market valuation as reflected by the share price and fluctuating book value per share with a notable outlier in 2019. The P/BV ratio’s volatility highlights how market perceptions adjusted in response to changes in book value. The sharp anomalies around 2019 imply extraordinary accounting or financial activities impacting the balance sheet values for that period. Post-2019 trends suggest normalization and continued confidence in the company’s valuation.
Comparison to Competitors
Linde plc, P/BV, long-term trends, comparison to competitors
| Linde plc | Sherwin-Williams Co. | |
|---|---|---|
| Feb 26, 2025 | ||
| Feb 28, 2024 | ||
| Feb 28, 2023 | ||
| Feb 28, 2022 | ||
| Mar 1, 2021 | ||
| Mar 2, 2020 | ||
| Mar 18, 2019 | ||
| Feb 28, 2018 | ||
| Mar 1, 2017 | ||
| Feb 24, 2016 | ||
| Feb 25, 2015 | ||
| Feb 25, 2014 | ||
| Feb 27, 2013 | ||
| Feb 29, 2012 | ||
| Feb 23, 2011 | ||
| Feb 24, 2010 | ||
| Feb 25, 2009 | ||
| Feb 27, 2008 | ||
| Feb 28, 2007 | ||
| Mar 1, 2006 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
Comparison to Sector (Chemicals)
Linde plc, P/BV, long-term trends, comparison to sector (chemicals)
| Linde plc | Chemicals | |
|---|---|---|
| Feb 26, 2025 | ||
| Feb 28, 2024 | ||
| Feb 28, 2023 | ||
| Feb 28, 2022 | ||
| Mar 1, 2021 | ||
| Mar 2, 2020 | ||
| Mar 18, 2019 | ||
| Feb 28, 2018 | ||
| Mar 1, 2017 | ||
| Feb 24, 2016 | ||
| Feb 25, 2015 | ||
| Feb 25, 2014 | ||
| Feb 27, 2013 | ||
| Feb 29, 2012 | ||
| Feb 23, 2011 | ||
| Feb 24, 2010 | ||
| Feb 25, 2009 | ||
| Feb 27, 2008 | ||
| Feb 28, 2007 | ||
| Mar 1, 2006 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).
Comparison to Industry (Materials)
Linde plc, P/BV, long-term trends, comparison to industry (materials)
| Linde plc | Materials | |
|---|---|---|
| Feb 26, 2025 | ||
| Feb 28, 2024 | ||
| Feb 28, 2023 | ||
| Feb 28, 2022 | ||
| Mar 1, 2021 | ||
| Mar 2, 2020 | ||
| Mar 18, 2019 | ||
| Feb 28, 2018 | ||
| Mar 1, 2017 | ||
| Feb 24, 2016 | ||
| Feb 25, 2015 | ||
| Feb 25, 2014 | ||
| Feb 27, 2013 | ||
| Feb 29, 2012 | ||
| Feb 23, 2011 | ||
| Feb 24, 2010 | ||
| Feb 25, 2009 | ||
| Feb 27, 2008 | ||
| Feb 28, 2007 | ||
| Mar 1, 2006 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2018-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2017-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2016-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2015-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2014-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2013-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2012-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2011-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2010-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2009-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2008-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2007-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2006-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2005-12-31).