Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net

Linde plc (NASDAQ:LIN)

Analysis of Profitability Ratios

Microsoft Excel

Profitability ratios measure the company ability to generate profitable sales from its resources (assets).

Profitability Ratios (Summary)

Linde plc, profitability ratios

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Return on Sales
Gross profit margin 46.76% 41.70% 43.03% 43.53% 41.04%
Operating profit margin 24.42% 16.09% 16.19% 12.19% 10.39%
Net profit margin 18.87% 12.43% 12.42% 9.18% 8.09%
Return on Investment
Return on equity (ROE) 15.61% 10.36% 8.69% 5.29% 4.66%
Return on assets (ROA) 7.67% 5.21% 4.69% 2.83% 2.64%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

Profitability ratio Description The company
Gross profit margin Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. Linde plc gross profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.
Operating profit margin A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. Linde plc operating profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.
Net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. Linde plc net profit margin ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
Profitability ratio Description The company
ROE A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. Linde plc ROE improved from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.
ROA A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. Linde plc ROA improved from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Gross Profit Margin

Linde plc, gross profit margin calculation

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Gross margin 15,362 13,914 13,250 11,860 11,584
Sales 32,854 33,364 30,793 27,243 28,228
Profitability Ratio
Gross profit margin1 46.76% 41.70% 43.03% 43.53% 41.04%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

1 2023 Calculation
Gross profit margin = 100 × Gross margin ÷ Sales
= 100 × 15,362 ÷ 32,854 = 46.76%

Profitability ratio Description The company
Gross profit margin Gross profit margin indicates the percentage of revenue available to cover operating and other expenditures. Linde plc gross profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

Operating Profit Margin

Linde plc, operating profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Operating profit 8,024 5,369 4,984 3,322 2,933
Sales 32,854 33,364 30,793 27,243 28,228
Profitability Ratio
Operating profit margin1 24.42% 16.09% 16.19% 12.19% 10.39%
Benchmarks
Operating Profit Margin, Industry
Materials 25.58% 22.10% 24.89% 13.90% 9.44%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

1 2023 Calculation
Operating profit margin = 100 × Operating profit ÷ Sales
= 100 × 8,024 ÷ 32,854 = 24.42%

Profitability ratio Description The company
Operating profit margin A profitability ratio calculated as operating income divided by revenue. Linde plc operating profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2021 to 2022 but then improved from 2022 to 2023 exceeding 2021 level.

Net Profit Margin

Linde plc, net profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income, Linde plc 6,199 4,147 3,826 2,501 2,285
Sales 32,854 33,364 30,793 27,243 28,228
Profitability Ratio
Net profit margin1 18.87% 12.43% 12.42% 9.18% 8.09%
Benchmarks
Net Profit Margin, Industry
Materials 14.44% 13.56% 15.16% 7.48% 4.80%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

1 2023 Calculation
Net profit margin = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Sales
= 100 × 6,199 ÷ 32,854 = 18.87%

Profitability ratio Description The company
Net profit margin An indicator of profitability, calculated as net income divided by revenue. Linde plc net profit margin ratio improved from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Return on Equity (ROE)

Linde plc, ROE calculation, comparison to benchmarks

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income, Linde plc 6,199 4,147 3,826 2,501 2,285
Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity 39,720 40,028 44,035 47,317 49,074
Profitability Ratio
ROE1 15.61% 10.36% 8.69% 5.29% 4.66%
Benchmarks
ROE, Industry
Materials 14.26% 13.70% 14.02% 5.39% 3.51%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

1 2023 Calculation
ROE = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Total Linde plc shareholders’ equity
= 100 × 6,199 ÷ 39,720 = 15.61%

Profitability ratio Description The company
ROE A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by shareholders’ equity. Linde plc ROE improved from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.

Return on Assets (ROA)

Linde plc, ROA calculation, comparison to benchmarks

Microsoft Excel
Dec 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Dec 31, 2019
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions)
Net income, Linde plc 6,199 4,147 3,826 2,501 2,285
Total assets 80,811 79,658 81,605 88,229 86,612
Profitability Ratio
ROA1 7.67% 5.21% 4.69% 2.83% 2.64%
Benchmarks
ROA, Industry
Materials 6.04% 5.82% 6.27% 2.38% 1.61%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

1 2023 Calculation
ROA = 100 × Net income, Linde plc ÷ Total assets
= 100 × 6,199 ÷ 80,811 = 7.67%

Profitability ratio Description The company
ROA A profitability ratio calculated as net income divided by total assets. Linde plc ROA improved from 2021 to 2022 and from 2022 to 2023.