Stock Analysis on Net

Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity 
Quarterly Data

The balance sheet provides creditors, investors, and analysts with information on company resources (assets) and its sources of capital (its equity and liabilities). It normally also provides information about the future earnings capacity of a company assets as well as an indication of cash flows that may come from receivables and inventories.

Liabilities represents obligations of a company arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow of economic benefits from the entity.

Caterpillar Inc., consolidated balance sheet: liabilities and stockholders’ equity (quarterly data)

US$ in millions

Microsoft Excel
Sep 30, 2025 Jun 30, 2025 Mar 31, 2025 Dec 31, 2024 Sep 30, 2024 Jun 30, 2024 Mar 31, 2024 Dec 31, 2023 Sep 30, 2023 Jun 30, 2023 Mar 31, 2023 Dec 31, 2022 Sep 30, 2022 Jun 30, 2022 Mar 31, 2022 Dec 31, 2021 Sep 30, 2021 Jun 30, 2021 Mar 31, 2021 Dec 31, 2020 Sep 30, 2020 Jun 30, 2020 Mar 31, 2020
Machinery, Energy & Transportation 3 3 9 4 10 13
Financial Products 4,509 4,485 3,454 4,393 3,725 5,298 3,568 4,643 4,218 5,548 5,841 5,954 4,199 5,002 4,501 5,395 3,247 3,421 3,625 2,005 2,660 4,301 4,789
Short-term borrowings 4,509 4,485 3,454 4,393 3,725 5,298 3,568 4,643 4,218 5,548 5,841 5,957 4,202 5,002 4,501 5,404 3,247 3,425 3,625 2,015 2,660 4,314 4,789
Accounts payable 8,729 8,563 7,792 7,675 7,705 7,575 7,778 7,906 7,827 8,443 8,951 8,689 8,260 8,092 8,361 8,154 7,218 6,921 6,694 6,128 5,193 5,083 5,769
Accrued expenses 5,187 5,207 4,990 5,243 4,980 4,947 4,821 4,958 4,669 4,493 4,121 4,080 4,013 3,782 3,846 3,757 3,579 3,556 3,574 3,642 3,510 3,547 3,776
Accrued wages, salaries and employee benefits 2,126 1,618 1,259 2,391 2,078 1,677 1,291 2,757 2,300 1,755 1,368 2,313 2,204 1,772 1,275 2,242 2,075 1,759 1,283 1,096 1,069 958 878
Customer advances 3,391 3,412 2,951 2,322 2,404 2,324 2,194 1,929 2,333 2,137 2,202 1,860 1,831 1,608 1,388 1,087 1,155 1,157 1,168 1,108 1,209 1,227 1,295
Dividends payable 707 674 684 649 663 620 633 595 608 562 558
Other current liabilities 2,760 2,627 2,834 2,909 2,934 2,882 3,265 3,123 3,115 3,109 3,035 2,690 2,878 2,333 2,355 2,256 2,319 2,126 2,035 2,017 1,978 2,143 2,074
Machinery, Energy & Transportation 32 30 29 46 46 45 1,045 1,044 1,043 1,043 37 120 120 124 127 45 48 50 1,301 1,420 1,397 1,395 143
Financial Products 9,257 8,285 9,286 6,619 8,346 8,132 8,409 7,719 7,619 8,123 6,287 5,202 6,694 5,617 7,679 6,307 6,335 7,906 6,898 7,729 7,962 6,006 7,792
Long-term debt due within one year 9,289 8,315 9,315 6,665 8,392 8,177 9,454 8,763 8,662 9,166 6,324 5,322 6,814 5,741 7,806 6,352 6,383 7,956 8,199 9,149 9,359 7,401 7,935
Current liabilities 35,991 34,934 32,595 32,272 32,218 33,564 32,371 34,728 33,124 35,314 31,842 31,531 30,202 28,963 29,532 29,847 25,976 27,508 26,578 25,717 24,978 25,231 26,516
Machinery, Energy & Transportation 10,669 10,654 8,618 8,564 8,634 8,537 8,539 8,579 8,470 8,535 9,558 9,498 9,479 9,589 9,636 9,746 9,759 9,752 9,751 9,749 9,742 9,729 8,998
Financial Products 17,067 17,294 17,201 18,787 17,150 15,299 16,292 15,893 15,789 14,450 15,315 16,216 16,030 16,630 15,641 16,287 17,395 16,452 16,605 16,250 16,365 17,178 15,371
Long-term debt due after one year 27,736 27,948 25,819 27,351 25,784 23,836 24,831 24,472 24,259 22,985 24,873 25,714 25,509 26,219 25,277 26,033 27,154 26,204 26,356 25,999 26,107 26,907 24,369
Liability for postemployment benefits 3,664 3,611 3,575 3,757 4,029 3,993 4,068 4,098 4,060 4,084 4,069 4,203 5,038 5,160 5,363 5,592 6,395 6,581 6,698 6,872 6,254 6,285 6,333
Other liabilities 5,672 5,169 4,915 4,890 4,839 4,807 4,826 4,675 4,841 4,788 4,695 4,604 4,536 5,006 5,007 4,805 4,564 4,524 4,480 4,358 4,408 4,366 4,437
Noncurrent liabilities 37,072 36,728 34,309 35,998 34,652 32,636 33,725 33,245 33,160 31,857 33,637 34,521 35,083 36,385 35,647 36,430 38,113 37,309 37,534 37,229 36,769 37,558 35,139
Total liabilities 73,063 71,662 66,904 68,270 66,870 66,200 66,096 67,973 66,284 67,171 65,479 66,052 65,285 65,348 65,179 66,277 64,089 64,817 64,112 62,946 61,747 62,789 61,655
Common stock of $1.00 par value, at paid-in amount 6,223 6,143 6,043 6,941 5,584 5,517 5,663 6,403 6,698 6,478 6,546 6,560 6,523 6,464 6,281 6,398 6,352 6,293 6,215 6,230 6,204 6,120 6,046
Treasury stock, at cost (48,302) (47,958) (47,127) (44,331) (42,390) (41,612) (40,039) (36,339) (33,865) (33,391) (32,108) (31,748) (30,883) (29,501) (28,326) (27,643) (26,608) (25,240) (25,049) (25,178) (25,315) (25,412) (25,341)
Profit employed in the business 64,460 62,160 61,356 59,352 57,920 55,455 54,108 51,250 49,888 47,094 45,457 43,514 43,304 41,263 40,820 39,282 38,361 36,934 36,697 35,167 35,508 34,841 35,504
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (1,723) (1,684) (2,205) (2,471) (1,717) (2,230) (2,093) (1,820) (2,232) (1,946) (1,746) (2,457) (3,353) (2,499) (1,710) (1,553) (1,440) (1,154) (1,290) (888) (1,448) (1,815) (2,012)
Shareholders’ equity attributable to common shareholders 20,658 18,661 18,067 19,491 19,397 17,130 17,639 19,494 20,489 18,235 18,149 15,869 15,591 15,727 17,065 16,484 16,665 16,833 16,573 15,331 14,949 13,734 14,197
Noncontrolling interests 1 2 3 3 6 6 6 9 18 21 21 22 31 32 32 32 30 47 44 47 45 43 42
Total shareholders’ equity 20,659 18,663 18,070 19,494 19,403 17,136 17,645 19,503 20,507 18,256 18,170 15,891 15,622 15,759 17,097 16,516 16,695 16,880 16,617 15,378 14,994 13,777 14,239
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity 93,722 90,325 84,974 87,764 86,273 83,336 83,741 87,476 86,791 85,427 83,649 81,943 80,907 81,107 82,276 82,793 80,784 81,697 80,729 78,324 76,741 76,566 75,894

Based on: 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2025-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2024-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2023-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2022-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2021-03-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-09-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-06-30), 10-Q (reporting date: 2020-03-31).


The financial data reveals several notable trends and patterns across the specified periods. The analysis covers various facets such as liabilities, equity, borrowings, and specific operational categories.

Machinery, Energy & Transportation
Reported values show sporadic and mostly low figures in the early periods with intermittent missing data. There is an evident peak around mid-2023 before sharply declining again toward the end of the observed timeline. This suggests fluctuations in either sales or asset valuation related to this segment during the periods.
Financial Products
Values for financial products exhibit significant volatility. There is a general decline from early 2020 into 2021, then a resurgence with peaks towards late 2022 and mid-2024. This points to fluctuating demand or asset volumes tied to financial products, possibly influenced by market conditions or operational changes.
Short-term Borrowings
Short-term borrowings closely track the financial products values, indicating a parallel movement in liabilities associated with the financial products segment. The borrowing levels peak intermittently, notably in late 2021 and early 2023, aligning with increased financial product activity.
Accounts Payable
Accounts payable generally trend upward through 2020 and peak towards late 2021. Thereafter, a gradual decrease is noticed into 2023, followed by slight increases again, suggesting cyclical vendor payment patterns or operational scaling.
Accrued Expenses and Wages
Accrued expenses maintain an upward trend with a noticeable increase starting mid-2022 through 2025, indicating growing operational liabilities. Accrued wages, salaries, and employee benefits display marked volatility, with periodic sharp increases and decreases, potentially reflecting workforce adjustments or seasonal labor cost fluctuations.
Customer Advances
Customer advances show a steadily increasing pattern overall, with some periods of decline, indicating growing upfront customer payments or deposits, which could be linked to sales cycles or contract structuring.
Dividends Payable
Dividend payables exhibit a consistent presence with minor fluctuations, indicating ongoing distribution policies with periodic adjustments.
Other Current Liabilities
These liabilities display a gradual increase interrupted by occasional declines, implying fluctuating short-term obligations outside typical payables and accruals.
Long-term Debt (Due within One Year and After One Year)
The long-term debt due within one year demonstrates oscillations, with peaks in mid to late 2023 and dips around 2022, suggesting refinancing maneuvers or debt structuring changes. Long-term debt due after one year shows a general downward trend after 2021, reflecting possible repayments or debt maturation.
Current and Noncurrent Liabilities
Current liabilities increase notably by the end of 2021 and peak again in mid-2023. Noncurrent liabilities trend downward from 2021 into 2023, followed by modest recovery. This shift reveals a transition of liabilities possibly from long to short term or repayments reducing long-term obligations.
Total Liabilities
Total liabilities fluctuate moderately but generally trend upward through 2025, indicating growing overall obligations on the balance sheet.
Equity Accounts
- Common stock remains relatively stable with minor variations, suggesting no major issuances or buybacks. - Treasury stock shows a clear increasing negative balance, indicating consistent repurchases or retirements of shares, reaching a significantly higher balance in 2025. - Profit employed in the business steadily increases throughout the periods, highlighting consistent retention of earnings. - Accumulated other comprehensive losses fluctuate but generally remain negative with some volatility, suggesting ongoing net losses or adjustments in other comprehensive income components. - Shareholders’ equity attributable to common shareholders shows a general upward trend with some periodic decreases, indicating profit retention overshadowing treasury stock effects. - Total shareholders’ equity follows a similar pattern to the equity attributable to common shareholders, reflecting stable ownership interest overall with minor fluctuations.
Total Shareholders’ Equity and Liabilities Combined
The aggregate of total liabilities and shareholders’ equity increases over time, supporting asset growth or increased company size.

In summary, the financial position demonstrates increasing liabilities mainly in current obligations, offset by growth in retained earnings and equity. Treasury stock accumulation suggests active share repurchasing activity, impacting equity balances. Financial Products and associated short-term borrowings show considerable volatility, implying sensitivity to market or operational conditions. The overall financial structure reflects evolving debt management strategies with a shifting balance between short and long-term liabilities. Operational liabilities such as accrued expenses and wages display growth consistent with expanding or fluctuating operational activities.