Stock Analysis on Net
Stock Analysis on Net

Merck & Co. Inc. (NYSE:MRK)

DuPont Analysis: Disaggregation of ROE, ROA, and Net Profit Margin

Microsoft Excel

Decomposing ROE involves expressing net income divided by shareholders’ equity as the product of component ratios.

Two-Component Disaggregation of ROE

Merck & Co. Inc., decomposition of ROE

Microsoft Excel
ROE = ROA × Financial Leverage
Dec 31, 2023 0.97% = 0.34% × 2.84
Dec 31, 2022 31.57% = 13.30% × 2.37
Dec 31, 2021 34.17% = 12.35% × 2.77
Dec 31, 2020 27.91% = 7.72% × 3.62
Dec 31, 2019 37.99% = 11.66% × 3.26

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

The primary reason for the decrease in return on equity ratio (ROE) over 2023 year is the decrease in profitability measured by return on assets ratio (ROA).

Three-Component Disaggregation of ROE

Merck & Co. Inc., decomposition of ROE

Microsoft Excel
ROE = Net Profit Margin × Asset Turnover × Financial Leverage
Dec 31, 2023 0.97% = 0.61% × 0.56 × 2.84
Dec 31, 2022 31.57% = 24.49% × 0.54 × 2.37
Dec 31, 2021 34.17% = 26.79% × 0.46 × 2.77
Dec 31, 2020 27.91% = 14.72% × 0.52 × 3.62
Dec 31, 2019 37.99% = 21.01% × 0.55 × 3.26

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

The primary reason for the decrease in return on equity ratio (ROE) over 2023 year is the decrease in profitability measured by net profit margin ratio.

Five-Component Disaggregation of ROE

Merck & Co. Inc., decomposition of ROE

Microsoft Excel
ROE = Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover × Financial Leverage
Dec 31, 2023 0.97% = 0.19 × 0.62 × 5.03% × 0.56 × 2.84
Dec 31, 2022 31.57% = 0.88 × 0.94 × 29.35% × 0.54 × 2.37
Dec 31, 2021 34.17% = 0.90 × 0.95 × 31.57% × 0.46 × 2.77
Dec 31, 2020 27.91% = 0.81 × 0.91 × 20.02% × 0.52 × 3.62
Dec 31, 2019 37.99% = 0.85 × 0.93 × 26.52% × 0.55 × 3.26

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

The primary reason for the decrease in return on equity ratio (ROE) over 2023 year is the decrease in operating profitability measured by EBIT margin ratio.

Two-Component Disaggregation of ROA

Merck & Co. Inc., decomposition of ROA

Microsoft Excel
ROA = Net Profit Margin × Asset Turnover
Dec 31, 2023 0.34% = 0.61% × 0.56
Dec 31, 2022 13.30% = 24.49% × 0.54
Dec 31, 2021 12.35% = 26.79% × 0.46
Dec 31, 2020 7.72% = 14.72% × 0.52
Dec 31, 2019 11.66% = 21.01% × 0.55

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

The primary reason for the decrease in return on assets ratio (ROA) over 2023 year is the decrease in profitability measured by net profit margin ratio.

Four-Component Disaggregation of ROA

Merck & Co. Inc., decomposition of ROA

Microsoft Excel
ROA = Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin × Asset Turnover
Dec 31, 2023 0.34% = 0.19 × 0.62 × 5.03% × 0.56
Dec 31, 2022 13.30% = 0.88 × 0.94 × 29.35% × 0.54
Dec 31, 2021 12.35% = 0.90 × 0.95 × 31.57% × 0.46
Dec 31, 2020 7.72% = 0.81 × 0.91 × 20.02% × 0.52
Dec 31, 2019 11.66% = 0.85 × 0.93 × 26.52% × 0.55

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

The primary reason for the decrease in return on assets ratio (ROA) over 2023 year is the decrease in operating profitability measured by EBIT margin ratio.

Disaggregation of Net Profit Margin

Merck & Co. Inc., decomposition of net profit margin ratio

Microsoft Excel
Net Profit Margin = Tax Burden × Interest Burden × EBIT Margin
Dec 31, 2023 0.61% = 0.19 × 0.62 × 5.03%
Dec 31, 2022 24.49% = 0.88 × 0.94 × 29.35%
Dec 31, 2021 26.79% = 0.90 × 0.95 × 31.57%
Dec 31, 2020 14.72% = 0.81 × 0.91 × 20.02%
Dec 31, 2019 21.01% = 0.85 × 0.93 × 26.52%

Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-12-31).

The primary reason for the decrease in net profit margin ratio over 2023 year is the decrease in operating profitability measured by EBIT margin ratio.