International Business Machines Corp. operates in 4 segments: Software; Consulting; Infrastructure; and Financing.
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International Business Machines Corp. pages available for free this week:
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Liquidity Ratios
- Analysis of Solvency Ratios
- Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA)
- Price to FCFE (P/FCFE)
- Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
- Return on Equity (ROE) since 2005
- Total Asset Turnover since 2005
- Analysis of Revenues
- Analysis of Debt
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Segment Profit Margin
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment profit margin | Software | Software segment profit margin ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Consulting | Consulting segment profit margin ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. | |
Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment profit margin ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024 not reaching 2022 level. | |
Financing | Financing segment profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Profit Margin: Software
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment profit margin1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment profit margin = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment profit margin | Software | Software segment profit margin ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Profit Margin: Consulting
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment profit margin1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment profit margin = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment profit margin | Consulting | Consulting segment profit margin ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Profit Margin: Infrastructure
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment profit margin1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment profit margin = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment profit margin | Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment profit margin ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024 not reaching 2022 level. |
Segment Profit Margin: Financing
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment profit margin1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment profit margin = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment profit margin | Financing | Financing segment profit margin ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Return on Assets (Segment ROA)
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment ROA | Software | Software segment ROA deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Consulting | Consulting segment ROA improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. | |
Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment ROA improved from 2022 to 2023 but then deteriorated significantly from 2023 to 2024. | |
Financing | Financing segment ROA improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment ROA: Software
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment ROA1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment ROA = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Assets
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment ROA | Software | Software segment ROA deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Segment ROA: Consulting
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment ROA1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment ROA = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Assets
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment ROA | Consulting | Consulting segment ROA improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment ROA: Infrastructure
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment ROA1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment ROA = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Assets
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment ROA | Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment ROA improved from 2022 to 2023 but then deteriorated significantly from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment ROA: Financing
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Segment profit | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Profitability Ratio | |||||
Segment ROA1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment ROA = 100 × Segment profit ÷ Assets
= 100 × ÷ =
Segment profitability ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment ROA | Financing | Financing segment ROA improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Asset Turnover
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Segment activity ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment asset turnover | Software | Software segment asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Consulting | Consulting segment asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 not reaching 2022 level. | |
Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. | |
Financing | Financing segment asset turnover ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Asset Turnover: Software
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Activity Ratio | |||||
Segment asset turnover1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Assets
= ÷ =
Segment activity ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment asset turnover | Software | Software segment asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Segment Asset Turnover: Consulting
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Activity Ratio | |||||
Segment asset turnover1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Assets
= ÷ =
Segment activity ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment asset turnover | Consulting | Consulting segment asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 not reaching 2022 level. |
Segment Asset Turnover: Infrastructure
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Activity Ratio | |||||
Segment asset turnover1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Assets
= ÷ =
Segment activity ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment asset turnover | Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment asset turnover ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Asset Turnover: Financing
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Revenue | |||||
Assets | |||||
Segment Activity Ratio | |||||
Segment asset turnover1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment asset turnover = Revenue ÷ Assets
= ÷ =
Segment activity ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment asset turnover | Financing | Financing segment asset turnover ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then slightly deteriorated from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Capital Expenditures to Depreciation
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Segment financial ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation | Software | Software segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Consulting | Consulting segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. | |
Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then deteriorated significantly from 2023 to 2024. | |
Financing | Financing segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Capital Expenditures to Depreciation: Software
International Business Machines Corp.; Software; segment capital expenditures to depreciation calculation
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles | |||||
Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles | |||||
Segment Financial Ratio | |||||
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation = Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles ÷ Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles
= ÷ =
Segment financial ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation | Software | Software segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Capital Expenditures to Depreciation: Consulting
International Business Machines Corp.; Consulting; segment capital expenditures to depreciation calculation
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles | |||||
Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles | |||||
Segment Financial Ratio | |||||
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation = Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles ÷ Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles
= ÷ =
Segment financial ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation | Consulting | Consulting segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Capital Expenditures to Depreciation: Infrastructure
International Business Machines Corp.; Infrastructure; segment capital expenditures to depreciation calculation
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles | |||||
Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles | |||||
Segment Financial Ratio | |||||
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation = Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles ÷ Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles
= ÷ =
Segment financial ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation | Infrastructure | Infrastructure segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio improved from 2022 to 2023 but then deteriorated significantly from 2023 to 2024. |
Segment Capital Expenditures to Depreciation: Financing
International Business Machines Corp.; Financing; segment capital expenditures to depreciation calculation
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||
Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles | |||||
Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles | |||||
Segment Financial Ratio | |||||
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation1 |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
1 2024 Calculation
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation = Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles ÷ Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles
= ÷ =
Segment financial ratio | Reportable segment | The company |
---|---|---|
Segment capital expenditures to depreciation | Financing | Financing segment capital expenditures to depreciation ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Revenue
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing | |||||
Total segments |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Segment profit
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing | |||||
Total segments |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Assets
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing | |||||
Total segments |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles
International Business Machines Corp., depreciation/amortization of non-acquired intangibles by reportable segment
US$ in millions
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing | |||||
Total segments |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).
Capital expenditures/investments in intangibles
International Business Machines Corp., capital expenditures/investments in intangibles by reportable segment
US$ in millions
Dec 31, 2024 | Dec 31, 2023 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2020 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Software | |||||
Consulting | |||||
Infrastructure | |||||
Financing | |||||
Total segments |
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-12-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-12-31).