Common-Size Income Statement
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- Balance Sheet: Assets
- Cash Flow Statement
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Geographic Areas
- Price to FCFE (P/FCFE)
- Operating Profit Margin since 2005
- Current Ratio since 2005
- Total Asset Turnover since 2005
- Price to Earnings (P/E) since 2005
- Price to Book Value (P/BV) since 2005
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Oracle Corp., common-size consolidated income statement
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2025-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2024-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-05-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-05-31).
- Revenue Composition
- The proportion of cloud services and license support relative to total revenues has steadily increased from 70.11% in 2020 to 76.71% projected in 2025, indicating a growing emphasis on this segment. Conversely, cloud license and on-premise license revenues have declined from 13.12% to 9.06% over the same period. Hardware's share of revenues also shows a consistent decrease, falling from 8.81% to 5.12%. The services segment exhibited some fluctuation, rising notably to 11.2% in 2023 before falling back to an estimated 9.12% by 2025.
- Cost of Revenues and Gross Profit
- Cost of revenues increased as a percentage of revenues, reaching 29.49% in 2025 from 20.32% in 2020, suggesting rising expenses related to producing the goods and services. This increase substantially impacted gross profit margins, which declined from 79.68% to 70.51% during the period. The rising cost pressure may reflect investments in cloud infrastructure or heightened competitive pricing.
- Operating Expenses
- Sales and marketing expenses relative to revenues have generally decreased, dropping from 20.72% in 2020 to 15.07% in 2025, signaling more efficient or scaled marketing operations. Research and development expenses have slightly increased overall from 15.53% to 17.18%, indicating continued investment in innovation and product development. General and administrative expenses remained relatively stable, slightly decreasing from 3.02% to 2.79%.
- Other Operating Items
- Amortization of intangible assets exhibited volatility, spiking to 7.17% in 2023 before decreasing to 4.02% in 2025. Transitional and other employee related costs, business combination adjustments, and restructuring costs remained minor and relatively stable as a percentage of revenues. The "Other, net" and "Acquisition related and other" categories displayed significant negative impact in 2022, suggesting an anomaly or one-time charges in that year, but returned to minimal levels subsequently.
- Operating Income
- Operating income as a percentage of revenues showed an initial increase from 35.57% in 2020 to 37.58% in 2021, then a sharp decline to 25.74% in 2022, followed by a gradual recovery to 30.8% in 2025. This fluctuation appears correlated with the changes in cost of revenues and amortization expenses.
- Non-Operating Items and Income Taxes
- Interest expense decreased slightly from 5.11% to 6.23% over the period with a peak around 2023, while interest income remained low but increased slightly. Foreign currency losses were steady but small. Gains and losses from investments were volatile, with losses in the later years. The overall non-operating income/(expenses) showed fluctuations, with periods of minor positive and negative impact.
- Profitability
- Income before income taxes and noncontrolling interests declined significantly from 31.3% in 2020 to 18.46% in 2022, but showed recovery reaching 24.99% estimated in 2025. Provision for income taxes was variable, swinging from negative to positive percentages, reflecting changing tax positions or benefits. Net income margins followed a similar trend as pre-tax income, falling from 25.94% to 15.83% in 2022 before rebounding to 21.68% forecasted in 2025.
- Overall Analysis
- The data reveals a strategic shift toward cloud services with declining hardware and license sales proportions. Margins have been pressured by rising costs, particularly the cost of revenues and intangible asset amortization, though operational efficiency improved in sales and marketing. Profitability shows a cyclical pattern with notable dips in 2022, possibly due to non-recurring expenses or market challenges, but improving margins are seen in later years. The company appears to be managing investment in R&D while stabilizing administrative expenses.