Economic Value Added (EVA)
EVA is registered trademark of Stern Stewart.
Economic value added or economic profit is the difference between revenues and costs,where costs include not only expenses, but also cost of capital.
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NVIDIA Corp. pages available for free this week:
- Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Common-Size Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
- Analysis of Liquidity Ratios
- Enterprise Value (EV)
- Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
- Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
- Debt to Equity since 2005
- Price to Earnings (P/E) since 2005
- Price to Sales (P/S) since 2005
- Analysis of Debt
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Economic Profit
NVIDIA Corp., economic profit calculation
US$ in millions
| 12 months ended: | Jan 28, 2024 | Jan 29, 2023 | Jan 30, 2022 | Jan 31, 2021 | Jan 26, 2020 | Jan 27, 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net operating profit after taxes (NOPAT)1 | |||||||
| Cost of capital2 | |||||||
| Invested capital3 | |||||||
| Economic profit4 | |||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
1 NOPAT. See details »
2 Cost of capital. See details »
3 Invested capital. See details »
4 2024 Calculation
Economic profit = NOPAT – Cost of capital × Invested capital
= – × =
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Economic profit | Economic profit is a measure of corporate performance computed by taking the spread between the return on invested capital and the cost of capital, and multiplying by the invested capital. | NVIDIA Corp. economic profit decreased from 2022 to 2023 but then increased from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Net Operating Profit after Taxes (NOPAT)
NVIDIA Corp., NOPAT calculation
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
1 Elimination of deferred tax expense. See details »
2 Addition of increase (decrease) in allowance for doubtful accounts.
3 Addition of increase (decrease) in deferred revenue.
4 Addition of increase (decrease) in accrual for product warranty liabilities.
5 Addition of increase (decrease) in equity equivalents to net income.
6 2024 Calculation
Interest expense on capitalized operating leases = Operating lease liability × Discount rate
= × =
7 2024 Calculation
Tax benefit of interest expense = Adjusted interest expense × Statutory income tax rate
= × 21.00% =
8 Addition of after taxes interest expense to net income.
9 2024 Calculation
Tax expense (benefit) of investment income = Investment income, before tax × Statutory income tax rate
= × 21.00% =
10 Elimination of after taxes investment income.
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| NOPAT | Net operating profit after taxes is income from operations, but after removement of taxes calculated on cash basis that are relevant to operating income. | NVIDIA Corp. NOPAT decreased from 2022 to 2023 but then increased from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Cash Operating Taxes
NVIDIA Corp., cash operating taxes calculation
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Cash operating taxes | Cash operating taxes are estimated by adjusting income tax expense for changes in deferred taxes and tax benefit from the interest deduction. | NVIDIA Corp. cash operating taxes increased from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Invested Capital
NVIDIA Corp., invested capital calculation (financing approach)
US$ in millions
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
1 Addition of capitalized operating leases.
2 Elimination of deferred taxes from assets and liabilities. See details »
3 Addition of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable.
4 Addition of deferred revenue.
5 Addition of accrual for product warranty liabilities.
6 Addition of equity equivalents to shareholders’ equity.
7 Removal of accumulated other comprehensive income.
8 Subtraction of construction in process.
9 Subtraction of marketable securities.
| Item | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Invested capital | Capital is an approximation of the economic book value of all cash invested in going-concern business activities. | NVIDIA Corp. invested capital increased from 2022 to 2023 and from 2023 to 2024. |
Cost of Capital
NVIDIA Corp., cost of capital calculations
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Total debt3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Total debt. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Total debt3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Total debt. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Total debt3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Total debt. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Total debt3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Total debt. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Total debt3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Total debt. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
| Capital (fair value)1 | Weights | Cost of capital | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Equity2 | ÷ | = | × | = | |||||||||
| Total debt3 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Operating lease liability4 | ÷ | = | × | × (1 – 21.00%) | = | ||||||||
| Total: | |||||||||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
1 US$ in millions
2 Equity. See details »
3 Total debt. See details »
4 Operating lease liability. See details »
Economic Spread Ratio
NVIDIA Corp., economic spread ratio calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Jan 28, 2024 | Jan 29, 2023 | Jan 30, 2022 | Jan 31, 2021 | Jan 26, 2020 | Jan 27, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Economic profit1 | |||||||
| Invested capital2 | |||||||
| Performance Ratio | |||||||
| Economic spread ratio3 | |||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| Economic Spread Ratio, Competitors4 | |||||||
| Advanced Micro Devices Inc. | |||||||
| Analog Devices Inc. | |||||||
| Applied Materials Inc. | |||||||
| Broadcom Inc. | |||||||
| First Solar Inc. | |||||||
| Intel Corp. | |||||||
| KLA Corp. | |||||||
| Lam Research Corp. | |||||||
| Micron Technology Inc. | |||||||
| Monolithic Power Systems Inc. | |||||||
| Qualcomm Inc. | |||||||
| Texas Instruments Inc. | |||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
1 Economic profit. See details »
2 Invested capital. See details »
3 2024 Calculation
Economic spread ratio = 100 × Economic profit ÷ Invested capital
= 100 × ÷ =
4 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Economic spread ratio | The ratio of economic profit to invested capital, also equal to the difference between return on invested capital (ROIC) and cost of capital. | NVIDIA Corp. economic spread ratio deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |
Economic Profit Margin
NVIDIA Corp., economic profit margin calculation, comparison to benchmarks
| Jan 28, 2024 | Jan 29, 2023 | Jan 30, 2022 | Jan 31, 2021 | Jan 26, 2020 | Jan 27, 2019 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selected Financial Data (US$ in millions) | |||||||
| Economic profit1 | |||||||
| Revenue | |||||||
| Add: Increase (decrease) in deferred revenue | |||||||
| Adjusted revenue | |||||||
| Performance Ratio | |||||||
| Economic profit margin2 | |||||||
| Benchmarks | |||||||
| Economic Profit Margin, Competitors3 | |||||||
| Advanced Micro Devices Inc. | |||||||
| Analog Devices Inc. | |||||||
| Applied Materials Inc. | |||||||
| Broadcom Inc. | |||||||
| First Solar Inc. | |||||||
| Intel Corp. | |||||||
| KLA Corp. | |||||||
| Lam Research Corp. | |||||||
| Micron Technology Inc. | |||||||
| Monolithic Power Systems Inc. | |||||||
| Qualcomm Inc. | |||||||
| Texas Instruments Inc. | |||||||
Based on: 10-K (reporting date: 2024-01-28), 10-K (reporting date: 2023-01-29), 10-K (reporting date: 2022-01-30), 10-K (reporting date: 2021-01-31), 10-K (reporting date: 2020-01-26), 10-K (reporting date: 2019-01-27).
1 Economic profit. See details »
2 2024 Calculation
Economic profit margin = 100 × Economic profit ÷ Adjusted revenue
= 100 × ÷ =
3 Click competitor name to see calculations.
| Performance ratio | Description | The company |
|---|---|---|
| Economic profit margin | The ratio of economic profit to sales. It is the company profit margin covering income efficiency and asset management. Economic profit margin is not biased in favor of capital-intensive business models, because any added capital is a cost to the economic profit margin. | NVIDIA Corp. economic profit margin deteriorated from 2022 to 2023 but then improved from 2023 to 2024 exceeding 2022 level. |